A consultant recommends that a company hold funds for the following two reasons.

Reason 1: Cash needs can fluctuate substantially throughout the year.

Reason 2: Opportunities for buying at a discount may appear during the year.

The cash balances used to address the reasons given above are correctly classified as

Reason 1

Reason 2

a.

Speculative balances

Speculative balances

b.

Speculative balances

Precautionary balances

c.

Precautionary balances

Speculative balances

d.

Precautionary balances

Precautionary balances