In April 1994, Novell, Inc. announced its plan to acquire WordPerfect Corporation for $1.4 billion. At the time of the acquisition, the relevant information about the two companies was as follows:

Revenues

Novell

WordPerfect

Cost of Goods Sold (w/o Depreciation)

$1,200.00

$600.00

Depreciation

57.00%

75.00%

Tax Rate

$42.00

$25.00

Capital Spending

35.00%

35.00%

Working Capital (as % of Revenue)

$75.00

$40.00

Beta

40.00%

30.00%

Expected Growth Rate in Revenues/EBIT

1.45

1.25

Expected Period of High Growth

25.00%

15.00%

Growth rate After High-Growth Period

10 years

10 years

Beta After High-Growth period

6.00%

6.00%

1.1

1.1

Capital spending will be offset by depreciation after the high-growth period. Neither firm has any debt outstanding. The treasury bond rate is 7%.

a. Estimate the value of Novell, operating independently.

b. Estimate the value of WordPerfect, operating independently.

c. Estimate the value of the combined firm, with no synergy.

d. As a result of the merger, the combined firm is expected to grow 24% a year for the high-growth period. Estimate the value of the combined firm with the higher growth.

e. What is the synergy worth? What is the maximum price Novell can pay for WordPerfect?