Budgeting Procedures

Since Rood Enterprises inaugurated participative budgeting 10 years ago, everyone in the organization—from maintenance personnel to the president’s staff—has had a voice in the budgeting process. Until recently, participative budgeting has worked in the best interests of the company as a whole. Now, however, it is becoming evident that some managers are using the practice solely to benefit their own divisions. The budget committee has therefore asked you, the company’s controller, to analyze this year’s divisional budgets carefully before incorporating them into the company’s master budget.

The Motor Division was the first of the company’s six divisions to submit its budget request for next year. The division’s budgeted income statement appears at the top of the next page.

Rood Enterprises
Motor Division
Budgeted Income Statement
For the Years Ended December 31

Budget for This Year

Budget for Next Year

Increase (Decrease)

Net sales

Radios

$ 850,000

$ 910,000

$ 60,000

Appliances

680,000

740,000

60,000

Telephones

270,000

305,000

35,000

Miscellaneous

84,400

90,000

5,600

Net sales

$1,884,400

$2,045,000

$160,600

Less cost of goods sold

750,960

717,500*

(33,460)

Gross margin

$1,133,440

$1,327,500

$194,060

Operating expenses

Wages

Warehouse

$ 94,500

$ 102,250

$ 7,750

Purchasing

77,800

84,000

6,200

Delivery/shipping

69,400

74,780

5,380

Maintenance

42,650

45,670

3,020

Salaries

Supervisory

60,000

92,250

32,250

Executive

130,000

164,000

34,000

Purchases, supplies

17,400

20,500

3,100

Maintenance

72,400

82,000

9,600

Depreciation

62,000

74,750†

12,750

Building rent

96,000

102,500

6,500

Sales commissions

188,440

204,500

16,060

Insurance

Fire

12,670

20,500

7,830

Liability

18,200

20,500

2,300

Utilities

14,100

15,375

1,275

Taxes

Property

16,600

18,450

1,850

Payroll

26,520

41,000

14,480

Miscellaneous

4,610

10,250

5,640

Total operating expenses

$1,003,290

$1,173,275

$169,985

Income from operations

$ 130,150

$ 154,225

$ 24,075

*Less expensive merchandise will be purchased in the next year to boost profits. †Depreciation is increased because additional equipment must be bought to handle increased sales.

1. Recast the Motor Division’s budgeted income statement in the following format (round percentages to two places):

Budget for This Year

Budget for Next Year

Account

Amount

Percentage of Net Sales

Amount

Percentage of Net Sales

1.Actual results for this year revealed the following information about revenues and cost of goods sold:

Amount

Percentage of Net Sales

Net sales

Radios

$ 780,000

43.94

Appliances

640,000

36.06

Telephones

280,000

15.77

Miscellaneous

75,000

4.23

Net sales

$1,775,000

100.00

Less cost of goods sold

763,425

43.01

Gross margin

$1,011,575

56.99

On the basis of this information and your analysis in 1, what do you think the budget committee should say to the managers of the Motor Division? Identify any specific areas of the budget that may need to be revised, and explain why the revision is needed.