Assume the following:

  • Inflation and Zambian kwacha (ZMK) devaluation is 30 percent per month, or 1.2 percent per workday.
  • Foreign exchange rates at selected intervals for the current month are:

1-Jan

100

10-Jan

109.6

20-Jan

119.6

30-Jan

130

  • The real rate of interest is 1.5 percent per month, or 20 percent per year.
  • Cash balances are kept in hard currency (dollars).
  • Month-end rates are used to record expense transactions.

Required: Based on these assumptions, prepare a table showing the distortions that can occur when expense transactions totaling ZMK 1,000,000 are recorded using conventional measurement rules (i.e., month-end rates in this example) instead of the internal reporting structure recommended in this chapter.

Transactions:

Invoice Date

Payment Terms

1

Cash

5

15 days

5

25 days