accounting theory 494296

Question 1 (17 marks) HiSpeed Ltd. plans to manufacture cross-country skiing equipment. Its cash flows are highly dependent on the weather in early winter. HiSpeed operates under ideal conditions of uncertainty. On August 1, 2014, the beginning of its first year in business, HiSpeed acquires equipment to be used in its operations. The equipment will last two years, at which time its salvage value will be zero. The company finances the equipment purchase by issuing common shares. HiSpeed’s annual net cash flows will be $800 if the weather is snowy and $300 if it is not snowy. Assume that cash flows are received at year end. In each year, the objective probability that the weather is snowy is 0.7 and 0.3 that it is not snowy. The interest rate in the economy is 3% in both years. HiSpeed will pay a dividend of $50 at the end of each year of operation. Required (9 marks) In 2014, the weather is snowy. Prepare a statement of financial position as at July 31, 2015, the end of HiSpeed’s first year of operations, and an income statement for the year.  (2 marks) What timing of revenue recognition is implicit in the income statement you have prepared in part (a)? When ideal conditions do not hold, is this timing of revenue recognition relevant? Is it reliable? Explain.  (6 marks)   Assume that HiSpeed paid the present value you calculated in part (a) for its equipment. Calculate HiSpeed’s net income for the year ended July 31, 2015 on a historical cost basis, assuming that equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis. Under the more realistic assumption that ideal conditions do not hold, which measure of net income is most relevant? Which is most reliable? Why? Question 2 (18 marks) Prem has $2,000 that he wishes to invest for one year. He has narrowed his choices down to one of the following two actions: i: Buy bonds of X Ltd., a company that has a very high debt-to-equity ratio. These bonds pay 8% interest, unless X defaults, in which case Prem will receive…